An infection that affects any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. UTIs are a common type of bacterial infection, particularly among women, and they can cause a variety of symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to severe pain and complications such as kidney or bloodstream infections if left untreated.

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UTIs are not STDs and cannot be sexually transmitted. However, intercourse can increase the risk of developing a UTI, and engaging in sexual activity during UTI can worsen your symptoms.

 

Here are some key points about urinary tract infection:

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Causes: 

•  The majority of UTIs are caused by bacteria, most commonly Escherichia coli (E. coli), which normally inhabit the digestive tract and can enter the urinary system through the urethra.

• UTIs can also be caused by other types of bacteria, fungi, or, less commonly, viruses

Symptoms:

• Pain or burning sensation during urination, frequent or urgent need to urinate, lower abdominal or pelvic pain, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, blood in the urine (hematuria) and fever or chills (indicating a more severe infection).

Diagnosis: 

• Typically involves a medical history review, physical examination, and laboratory tests. A urine sample may be collected and analyzed for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells, or other signs of infection.

• Additional tests such as urine culture or imaging tests (such as ultrasound or CT scan) may be performed to further evaluate the urinary tract and identify any underlying causes or complications.

Treatment:

• Involves a course of antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection.

• Supportive measures such as increased fluid intake and relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to help alleviate symptoms.