A medical treatment that involves supplementing or replacing hormones in the body to address hormonal imbalances or deficiencies. It's commonly used to manage symptoms related to menopause in women, such as hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood swings.

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HRT typically involves estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), which can be combined with progestin (a synthetic form of progesterone) if the woman still has her uterus. This combination is known as combined hormone therapy (CHT). Estrogen-only therapy (ET) is usually recommended for women who have undergone a hysterectomy.

 

Here are some common methods:

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• Oral Pills/Tablets: Hormones, typically estrogen and/or progestin, are taken orally in pill form. This is one of the most common methods of HRT. It's convenient but may increase the risk of certain side effects, such as blood clots.

• Transdermal Patches: Patches containing estrogen and/or progestin are applied to the skin, typically on the abdomen or buttocks. The hormones are absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream. Patches offer a steady release of hormones and may be a preferred option for women who have difficulty swallowing pills or prefer not to take them orally.

• Topical Gels/Creams: Estrogen and/or progestin can be applied topically to the skin in the form of gels or creams. These formulations are absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream. They allow for flexible dosing and may be preferred by women who want to avoid oral medications.

• Vaginal Preparations: Some women may require HRT specifically for vaginal symptoms, such as dryness or discomfort during intercourse. Vaginal preparations, including creams, tablets, or rings containing estrogen, can be inserted directly into the vagina. These preparations primarily act locally in the vaginal area and have minimal systemic absorption.

• Injections: Hormones can be administered via intramuscular injections, typically in the form of estrogen or testosterone. This method provides a controlled release of hormones but may require regular visits to a healthcare provider for administration.

• Pellets: Hormone pellets, usually containing estrogen or testosterone, are implanted under the skin, typically in the buttocks or abdomen, during a minor surgical procedure. The pellets gradually release hormones over several months and may offer a convenient long-term option for some women.