A growth that develops on the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. These polyps are usually small, soft, and benign (non-cancerous). They are quite common and often harmless, although they can cause symptoms in some cases.
Here are some key points about cervical polyps:
Symptoms:
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Many cervical polyps do not cause symptoms and are discovered incidentally during a pelvic exam or Pap smear. However, if symptoms do occur, they may include abnormal vaginal bleeding between periods, after intercourse, or after menopause, increased vaginal discharge (which may be watery, bloody, or foul-smelling), and pelvic pain or discomfort.
Diagnosis:
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Typically diagnosed during a pelvic examination. If a polyp is suspected, there may be additional tests performed, such as a colposcopy (a procedure to closely examine the cervix using a special magnifying instrument) or an ultrasound, to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the size and location of the polyp.
Causes:
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The exact cause of cervical polyps is not fully understood. However, they may develop in response to hormonal changes, chronic inflammation, or increased blood flow to the cervix.
Treatment:
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Polyps may not be necessary if they are small, asymptomatic, and confirmed to be benign. However, if a polyp is causing symptoms or if there is uncertainty about its nature, it may be removed. Polypectomy is a simple outpatient procedure where the polyp is removed using grasping forceps or a specialized instrument. The procedure is typically quick and well-tolerated, with minimal discomfort.
After a cervical polyp is removed, it's important for the patient to attend follow-up appointments as recommended by the healthcare provider to ensure that the polyp does not recur and to monitor for any signs of complications or other cervical abnormalities.
Cervical polyps are usually benign and do not increase the risk of cervical cancer. However, any unusual vaginal bleeding or other concerning symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to rule out other potential causes and ensure appropriate management.